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Clausius, Rudolf Julius Emmanuel
| (1822-1888), German physicist (ASME Honorary Member, 1882), pioneered the field of thermodynamics. His most famous paper was "Uber die bewegende Kraft der W?rme" read to the Berlin Academy on 18 February 1850 and published in Annalen der Physik, which contained a version of the Second Laws of Thermodynamics (namely that heat tends to flow from hot to cold bodies). Clausius formulated, in a memoir of 1854, the rudiments of the theory later called entropy (published in 1865). On 29 August 1855, Clausius was appointed to the chair of mathematical physics at the Polytechnikum in Zurich and at the same time he was also appointed to the University of Zurich. After 1875, he concentrated on electrodynamic theory and later gave a principle of conservation of energy in electrodynamics related to a force law of action-at-a-distance which, unlike that given by Coulomb, depended on velocities and accelerations. In 1867, he became a professor at the University of W?rzburg; in 1869, he accepted an offer of a chair at the University of Bonn. Clausius received the Iron Cross in 1871, for his leadership of an ambulance corps formed of Bonn students, during the Franco-German war, 1870-71. In 1884, he became rector of the University of Bonn. Born 2 Jan 1822 in Koslin, Prussia (now Koszalin, Poland); died 24 Aug 1888 in Bonn, Germany. In 1859 19 November, he married Adelheid Rimpam; they had 6 children. In 1886, he married Sophie Stack from Essen; they had 1 child. (Source: misc. online notes) |
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